12Telomere Shortening and damage
úIt is thought that most of the diseases of old age come about through cell senescence due to telomere loss.  Telomeres are the “caps” found on the end of chromosomes in somatic cells.
13.Programmed Epigenomic Changes
úAging is a consequence of programmed shifts in gene expression that happen throughout life.
14.Decline in Adult Stem Cell Differentiation
úAging is due to a slowing rate of organ regeneration because of declining differentiation activity of adult stem cells.
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Major theories of aging
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